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By the Year

In 2026 there have been 8114 vulnerabilities in Linux Kernel with an average score of 8.1 out of ten. Last year, in 2025 Linux Kernel had 5786 security vulnerabilities published. That is, 2328 more vulnerabilities have already been reported in 2026 as compared to last year. However, the average CVE base score of the vulnerabilities in 2026 is greater by 1.06.




Year Vulnerabilities Average Score
2026 8114 8.13
2025 5786 7.08
2024 4449 6.96
2023 374 6.71
2022 354 6.37
2021 163 6.58
2020 120 6.37
2019 277 6.64
2018 157 6.32

It may take a day or so for new Linux Kernel vulnerabilities to show up in the stats or in the list of recent security vulnerabilities. Additionally vulnerabilities may be tagged under a different product or component name.

Recent Linux Kernel Security Vulnerabilities

Linux kernel: AMD TLBI #1718 TLB invalidation erratum mitigated
CVE-2026-99099 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/CPU/AMD: Fix AMD TLBI Erratum #1718 The processor may fail to invalidate a TLB entry while executing an INVLPGB/TLBSYNC instruction pair. Detect the erratum and apply a software workaround when a microcode fix is not present.

Linux Kernel DM-integrity Inline-mode Buffer Overflow Large Tag Size
CVE-2026-99098 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-integrity: fix buffer overflow in inline mode with large tag size In inline mode, dm_integrity_check and dm_integrity_inline_recheck compute the checksum of each block into an on-stack buffer of HASH_MAX_DIGESTSIZE bytes. integrity_sector_checksum pads its result with zeroes up to the tag size, so if the tag size is larger than HASH_MAX_DIGESTSIZE, the padding runs past the end of the buffer. With CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR the kernel panics in dm_integrity_check on the first read. Enlarge both buffers to hold MAX_TAG_SIZE bytes, as commit b93b6643e9b5 ("dm integrity: fix a crash with unusually large tag size") did for integrity_metadata. Note that this is not a security bug because the buffer overflow can only be triggered by root.

Linux Kernel TEE Zero-Size SHM Allocation Flaw
CVE-2026-99097 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tee: shm: reject zero-sized allocations in tee_dyn_shm_alloc_helper() tee_dyn_shm_alloc_helper() derives nr_pages from a caller-supplied size and passes it to alloc_pages_exact() without checking it. For size == 0 nr_pages is 0, and alloc_pages_exact(0) calls get_order(0), which is documented as undefined and returns BITS_PER_LONG - PAGE_SHIFT. The page allocator then trips its order > MAX_PAGE_ORDER warning and fails the allocation; on a panic_on_warn kernel that ends the boot. This can be triggered by TEE_IOC_SHM_ALLOC with struct tee_ioctl_shm_alloc_data where size is 0. Reject a zero page count, as register_shm_helper() already does for the register path.

Linux kernel: io_uring disabled ring bypasses register restrictions
CVE-2026-99096 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/register: don't exempt disabled rings from task restrictions A ring created with IORING_SETUP_R_DISABLED is exempt from its register restrictions until it is enabled. This lets the creator register the restrictions and then enable the ring with IORING_REGISTER_ENABLE_RINGS, whether or not that opcode is in the allowed set. Since commit ed82f35b926b ("io_uring: allow registration of per-task restrictions"), a ring also inherits restrictions from the task that creates it, and the same exemption applies to those. A task whose register opcodes are restricted can therefore create a disabled ring, issue any register opcode on it, and then enable it. Mark rings whose restrictions were inherited from the task, and keep checking register opcodes for them while the ring is disabled. Enabling such a ring now requires IORING_REGISTER_ENABLE_RINGS to be in the task's allowed set. Per-ring restrictions registered on a disabled ring work as before. [axboe: amend with inheritance flag fixup]

Linux Kernel DRM VC4 Driver Hangcheck Timer Exploit
CVE-2026-99095 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vc4: drain the hangcheck timer and works on V3D unbind Nothing stops the hangcheck timer that submitted jobs arm, or the job_done_work that the render-done interrupt queues, at teardown: vc4_irq_disable() cancels only overflow_mem_work, and vc4_gem_destroy() runs from the drm-managed release, after vc4_v3d_unbind() has already uninstalled the V3D interrupt and cleared vc4->v3d. A timer still armed by then reads V3D registers through the NULL vc4->v3d pointer, and the late callbacks run on the vc4_dev embedding them after it has been freed. Drain them in vc4_v3d_unbind(): shut the timer down and cancel reset_work before the interrupt is taken down, because its vc4_irq_reset() re-enables it, then flush job_done_work so that completions queued at teardown still release their jobs. This issue was found by an in-house static analysis tool.

Linux Kernel BT btintel_pcie TX Descriptor Bounds Check Vulnerability
CVE-2026-99094 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btintel_pcie: fix TX descriptor bounds check btintel_pcie_prepare_tx() uses tfd_index to access the TFD and data buffer arrays before the index is advanced modulo txq->count. An index equal to txq->count is one past the end of both arrays, so reject it in the bounds check.

Linux Kernel: Delay page-table freeing in boot to prevent panic
CVE-2026-99093 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: don't schedule deferred kernel page table freeing while booting Booting with a boot-time function tracer and a filter, for example ftrace=function ftrace_filter=pud_free_pmd_page panics on 7.3-rc4 as soon as the tracer starts: [ 23.531178] Starting tracer 'function' [ 23.675800] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000038: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI [ 23.819917] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x00000000000001c0-0x00000000000001c7] [ 23.964025] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 7.3.0-rc4-fe2ec83746e5-with-fixes-v2+ #195 PREEMPT(undef) [ 24.252248] RIP: 0010:__queue_work+0xab/0xf00 [ 25.981629] Call Trace: [ 26.125727] <TASK> [ 26.413912] ? pagetable_free_kernel+0x20/0x120 [ 26.990283] queue_work_on+0x97/0xf0 [ 27.134382] __cpa_collapse_large_pages+0x501/0x6f0 [ 27.566662] cpa_flush+0x394/0x620 [ 27.998953] change_page_attr_set_clr+0x321/0x4a0 [ 29.151729] set_memory_rox+0xa2/0xf0 [ 29.584018] create_trampoline+0x431/0x6f0 ... [ 44.343347] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task! The boot-time tracer is started from early_trace_init(), which runs before workqueue_init_early(). Making its trampoline read-only splits a large page, and CPA collapses it again right away. The split table has been a kernel page table since commit 9e4a3ec3411b ("x86/mm/pat: Allocate split page tables as kernel page tables"), so the collapse frees it through pagetable_free_kernel(), which queues work on system_percpu_wq - still NULL at that point. That commit is correct in itself; it only lets CPA reach pagetable_free_kernel() before the workqueue that function relies on exists. Keep putting the table on the list, but don't schedule the work while the system is still booting. A core_initcall schedules it once to free whatever was queued by then.

Linux Kernel RISCV: CVE202699092 BPF JIT Execmem Handling Issue
CVE-2026-99092 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: patch: fix handling of bpf-jit execmem addresses Commit 8718e5a3090b ("riscv: patch: skip fixmap mapping when kernel text is already writable") gated the core_kernel_text() branch of patch_map() on CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX, and explicitly left the vmalloc branch unchanged. That branch has a separate problem. That branch only creates a temporary writable fixmap alias when CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX is enabled, and otherwise assumes the target is directly writable and returns the address unchanged. That assumption no longer holds: bpf_prog_pack_alloc calls set_memory_rox() on every pack unconditionally in alloc_new_pack(), independently of any CONFIG_STRICT_*_RWX option, so BPF text in the vmalloc area is read-only regardless of what CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX says. With CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX=n, patch_map() returns the read-only address directly, the subsequent copy_to_kernel_nofault() takes a page fault and returns -EFAULT. bpf_arch_text_copy() turns that into -EINVAL, which propagates through bpf_jit_binary_pack_finalize() to the WARN_ON() in bpf_int_jit_compile() and leaves the program un-JITed. Note that BPF cannot be fixed the way kprobes was in commit bdc46e507b59 ("riscv: mm: make EXECMEM_KPROBES writable without CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX"). EXECMEM_BPF is already PAGE_KERNEL, i.e. writable at allocation time; the read-only mapping is established afterwards by generic code in alloc_new_pack(), which arch code cannot influence. The only place this can be handled is patch_map(). This is the same problem that was fixed on arm64 by commit b1480ed230ac ("arm64: patching: fix handling of execmem addresses"), and the fix is the same: CONFIG_EXECMEM is what actually tracks whether the vmalloc area can hold executable memory that needs a temporary alias to be written. CONFIG_BPF_JIT, CONFIG_KPROBES and CONFIG_MODULES all select it. Note that this is not limited to CONFIG_MODULES=n. Unlike arm64, riscv selects CONFIG_ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX, so CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX can be disabled with CONFIG_MODULES=y as well, and the bug is reachable in that configuration too. The !CONFIG_MMU build is unaffected: it has its own __patch_insn_set() and __patch_insn_write() implementations and never calls patch_map().

Linux Kernel Bluetooth MGMT: Power Off Pending Cmd Status Fix
CVE-2026-99091 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix status of pending commands flushed on power off cmd_complete_rsp() receives a struct cmd_lookup and, for a pending command that has no cmd_complete callback, falls through to cmd_status_rsp(cmd, data). cmd_status_rsp() reads data as a u8 *, so the status sent comes from the first byte of match->sk's representation, not from match->mgmt_status. commit f53e1c9c726d ("Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix possible crash on mgmt_index_removed") changed the callers' data from &status to &match and updated the cmd_complete branch to match->mgmt_status, but left the fall-through passing data unchanged. In mgmt_index_removed() match->sk is NULL, so every such command is answered with status 0x00 (Success) instead of MGMT_STATUS_INVALID_INDEX. In __mgmt_power_off() it is NULL too, unless a Set Powered command was pending: then settings_rsp() has stored that command's socket in match->sk, and the byte sent comes from the socket pointer. Either way the status the caller set, MGMT_STATUS_NOT_POWERED (or MGMT_STATUS_INVALID_INDEX when the device is being unregistered), is lost. Pass the status the callers set. This was seen on a QCA9377 laptop: bluetoothd's Start Discovery, pending when the adapter was powered off, was answered with Command Status 0x00 and no parameters, and bluetoothd 5.72 crashed on the zero-length success. BlueZ master has since added the length check on that path ("adapter: Fix crash on short start discovery reply", BlueZ a734b06059cb), but userspace should still be told Not Powered, not Success. Tested on Ubuntu 7.0.0-31 with a virtual controller (hci_vhci): power off is held in HCI Write Scan Enable while a Start Discovery is submitted, and the flush answers it with status 0x00 before this change and 0x0f (Not Powered) after.

Linux Kernel: amdgpu vblank counter read during GPU reset causes lockdep warning
CVE-2026-99090 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: serialize vblank counter reads against GPU reset The vblank counter callback reads display registers and scanout position without holding reset_domain->sem. During GPU recovery, display commit work can call the callback while reset owns the semaphore for writing. The hardware access then triggers the lockdep_assert_held() in amdgpu_device_skip_hw_access() and sets TAINT_WARN when lockdep is enabled. Try to acquire the reset semaphore for reading before accessing the hardware, and hold it across the counter and scanout-position reads. If reset is already in progress, return DRM's cached software vblank count instead. This avoids blocking behind reset and avoids accessing display hardware while it is being reset. The cached count is less accurate than the hardware count, but is used only when reset prevents a safe hardware read. This addresses the reset-time warning from this vblank path; it does not suppress or fix unrelated lockdep warnings. (cherry picked from commit 51a4359f7431a4be5e42803c8bdaf7e0e5be2934)

Linux Kernel: Samsung i2s Driver Runtime PM Clock Balance Vulnerability
CVE-2026-99089 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: samsung: i2s: enable op_clk in probe to balance runtime PM The probe function puts the device into the runtime PM active state with only the "iis" bus clock enabled, but it also sets priv->op_clk to the parent of the RCLK_SRC mux without enabling it. The runtime PM suspend callback disables both clocks, so the first runtime suspend after probe disables op_clk once more than it was enabled. On Exynos5250 Arndale both clocks resolve to the same EXYNOS_I2S_BUS gate, so this triggers the following warning during boot: WARNING: drivers/clk/clk.c:1270 at clk_core_disable+0xe4/0x23c, CPU#0: kworker/u8:3/45 i2s_bus already disabled ... Workqueue: pm pm_runtime_work Call trace: ... clk_core_disable from clk_disable+0x28/0x34 clk_disable from i2s_runtime_suspend+0x58/0x68 [snd_soc_i2s] i2s_runtime_suspend [snd_soc_i2s] from genpd_runtime_suspend+0xc4/0x298 genpd_runtime_suspend from __rpm_callback+0x48/0x18c __rpm_callback from rpm_callback+0x4c/0x50 rpm_callback from rpm_suspend+0xf4/0x718 rpm_suspend from pm_runtime_work+0x9c/0xa0 ... Fix this by enabling op_clk in probe right after getting it, so the clock state matches the runtime PM active state, and by disabling it in remove.

Linux Kernel OpenVSwitch: Uninit Transport Header in IPv6 Fragment Checksum
CVE-2026-99088 - October 26, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: openvswitch: validate transport header presence in set_ipv6_addr When executing IPv6 address rewrite actions on IPv6 fragments, set_ipv6_addr() calls update_ipv6_checksum(). If parse_ipv6hdr() processes a non-first IPv6 fragment, it sets key->ip.proto to NEXTHDR_FRAGMENT and returns early without calling skb_set_transport_header(). update_ipv6_checksum() unconditionally evaluates skb_transport_offset() on entry before checking l4_proto. Because skb->transport_header is uninitialized, this triggers a warning under CONFIG_DEBUG_NET=y although it is completely harmless. Fix this by returning early in update_ipv6_checksum() if l4_proto is NEXTHDR_FRAGMENT. This avoids reading the uninitialized transport offset for fragments while preserving the debug warning for any other protocol where the transport header is unexpectedly missing. See the syzbot trace: !skb_transport_header_was_set(skb) WARNING: ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 at skb_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 [inline], CPU#1: syz-executor463/5635 WARNING: ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 at skb_transport_offset include/linux/skbuff.h:3250 [inline], CPU#1: syz-executor463/5635 WARNING: ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 at update_ipv6_checksum net/openvswitch/actions.c:361 [inline], CPU#1: syz-executor463/5635 WARNING: ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 at set_ipv6_addr+0x462/0x660 net/openvswitch/actions.c:399, CPU#1: syz-executor463/5635 [...] RIP: 0010:skb_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:3075 [inline] RIP: 0010:skb_transport_offset include/linux/skbuff.h:3250 [inline] RIP: 0010:update_ipv6_checksum net/openvswitch/actions.c:361 [inline] RIP: 0010:set_ipv6_addr+0x462/0x660 net/openvswitch/actions.c:399 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> set_ipv6 net/openvswitch/actions.c:531 [inline] do_execute_actions+0x557e/0x8600 net/openvswitch/actions.c:1366 ovs_execute_actions+0xde/0x520 net/openvswitch/actions.c:1592 ovs_packet_cmd_execute+0xb4f/0xf10 net/openvswitch/datapath.c:705 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x233/0x340 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1114 genl_rcv_msg+0x614/0x7a0 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1209 netlink_rcv_skb+0x226/0x4a0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2572 genl_rcv+0x28/0x40 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1218 netlink_unicast+0x7bd/0x940 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1361 netlink_sendmsg+0x813/0xb40 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1916 sock_sendmsg_nosec+0x14e/0x190 net/socket.c:800

Linux Kernel dm-integrity NULL Pointer Deref in R Mode
CVE-2026-99087 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-integrity: fix NULL pointer dereference when the 'R' flag is used If the dm-integrity device has the SB_FLAG_DIRTY_BITMAP flag set and the user activates the device in the 'R' mode, a crash in dm_integrity_resume happens because the function attempts to read the journal containing the bitmap. This patch makes dm-integrity skip any writes to the device in dm_integrity_resume if the device is activated in the 'R' mode.

Linux Kernel dm-integrity Superblock Validation Bypass (CVE-2026-99086)
CVE-2026-99086 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-integrity: validate the superblock on resume dm_integrity_resume() re-reads the superblock from the device so that it picks up the flags and the recalculate position. It performs no validation on the result, while the constructor validates the superblock it reads and sizes all the in-memory structures according to it. The user may modify the superblock on the underlying device while the dm-integrity device is suspended, so that the two no longer agree. In particular, access_journal_data() shifts the journal entry index by ic->sb->log2_sectors_per_block, while ic->journal_section_sectors and the journal page list were computed with the value that was present at constructor time. Increasing log2_sectors_per_block makes the index run past the end of the journal, and dm-integrity then writes 512 bytes through lowmem_page_address(NULL). Snapshot the validated superblock in the constructor and refuse to resume if any of the fields that describe the on-disk geometry changed.

Linux Kernel sched_ext BPF Scheduler Hotplug Hang
CVE-2026-99085 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix CPU hotplug hang when a dying CPU's tasks sit in the BPF scheduler A CPU going down has to empty its own rq. Its hotplug thread waits in sched_cpu_wait_empty() until nothing else is left, and the only thing that wakes it is balance_push(), which runs from __schedule() on the dying CPU and pushes off the migratable tasks the CPU picks. sched_ext breaks this. A task sitting on a user DSQ or held by the BPF scheduler is still counted on its rq, but an inactive CPU no longer calls ops.dispatch() and can't pull the task back. The dying CPU goes idle with the task still counted, and one of two things happens: - Another CPU consumes the task. The rq empties without a __schedule() on the dying CPU, so the hotplug thread is never woken and cpu_down() hangs holding cpu_hotplug_lock. - The task is affine only to the dying CPU. Nothing can move it, and the offline stalls until the watchdog ejects the BPF scheduler. When the rq goes offline, re-enqueue every task on it that isn't already on the local DSQ. An enqueue on an offline rq lands on the local DSQ, so the dying CPU itself picks the tasks and balance_push() pushes them off, the same as for the other sched classes. From then on no sched_ext path on another CPU can pull a task off the rq. ops.dispatch() currently stops as soon as the CPU goes inactive, and CPU hotplug then waits for an RCU grace period before taking the rq offline. A BPF-held task affine only to the dying CPU and preempted inside an RCU read-side critical section would block that grace period, and the rq would never go offline. Test SCX_RQ_ONLINE directly so that ops.dispatch() keeps running until the rq goes offline. Only the dying CPU's own hotplug thread clears the flag during teardown, and task_can_run_on_remote_rq() still keeps other rqs' tasks off the CPU.

Linux Kernel: Nullfs readdir stale inode lock abuse
CVE-2026-99084 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: readdir: take no inode lock on an immutable directory iterate_dir() takes the directory's i_rwsem shared and holds it across ->iterate_shared(). For a directory that never has an entry and is never removed the lock keeps nothing still, it only orders every reader and every writer of that inode behind each other. For the directory of a nullfs instance that matters. The instance of the initial mount namespace is the root of every empty mount namespace and the private instance is the root of every kernel thread, so one inode is shared across users who have nothing else in common. And a reader can hold the lock for as long as it likes: back the getdents() buffer with a mapping of a file on a FUSE mount of your own, let the copy of "." and ".." fault and let the server wait. Queue an exclusive taker behind it, a mkdir() in that directory goes through start_dirop() before the read-only mount is reported, and from then on every lookup that misses the dcache in that directory, every create and every mount on it waits until the server answers. One user of an empty mount namespace stalls all the others. Add FOP_IMMUTABLE for the file operations of a directory that never changes and is never removed and let iterate_dir() skip the lock for it. The flag never changes for a file, ->f_pos is protected by f_pos_lock since directories are FMODE_ATOMIC_POS, IS_DEADDIR can't be set on such a directory and neither touch_atime() nor fsnotify take i_rwsem. Set it on the nullfs directory. The placeholder directories of libfs never have an entry either but their owners remove them, so they keep the lock.

Linux Kernel ksmbd: Heap OOB Write in smb2_authenticate()
CVE-2026-99083 8.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix heap out-of-bounds write in krb5_authenticate() In krb5_authenticate(), out_len is calculated to determine available headroom in response_buf for the incoming Kerberos AP-REP token. However, when SMB2_SESSION_SETUP is processed as a non-first element of a compounded SMB2 request, the calculation omits work->next_smb2_rsp_hdr_off. This causes out_len to overstate remaining buffer headroom by the cumulative size of prior responses in the compound chain. Consequently, the length check in ksmbd_krb5_authenticate() (*out_len <= resp->spnego_blob_len) passes erroneously, allowing memcpy() to write the AP-REP blob past the end of response_buf into adjacent kernel heap memory. Fix this by subtracting work->next_smb2_rsp_hdr_off when computing out_len, ensuring it accurately reflects physical remaining buffer space.

KVM MMIO Cache Stale Entry in SMM Address Space
CVE-2026-99082 8.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Use active memslots for the per-vCPU MMIO cache KVM tags the per-vCPU MMIO cache with a memslot generation so that a memslot update invalidates cached MMIO information. Both the fill and validation paths use kvm_memslots(), which unconditionally selects address space 0, even when the vCPU is running in SMM and using address space 1. Commit 56f17dd3fbc4 ("kvm: x86: fix stale mmio cache bug") added the memslot generation to the cache key so that a memslot update could not leave a stale entry valid. When commit 699023e23965 ("KVM: x86: add SMM to the MMU role, support SMRAM address space") added the SMM address space, these helpers were not converted to use the active memslots. Consequently, an update to the SMM memslots can leave an entry from the old SMM address space apparently valid after the vCPU returns to the normal address space. A guest can then cause an access to valid RAM at the same GFN to be returned to userspace as KVM_EXIT_MMIO. Completing that exit through the VMM's RAM address space writes the backing page without going through KVM's write-tracking path. If the page backs a nested EPT table, KVM can continue using shadow translations derived from the old contents. The WARN_ON_ONCE() in kvm_mmu_write_protect_fault() catches this invalid cache and memslot combination. Use the vCPU's active memslots when caching and validating the entry. Memslot generations are unique across address spaces, so the generation also distinguishes the normal and SMM views. This matches the MMIO SPTE cache, which already uses kvm_vcpu_memslots(). On an unpatched current-mainline kernel, a regression test that fills the cache in SMM and updates only the SMM memslots fails the intended RAM write and triggers the kvm_mmu_write_protect_fault() warning. With this change, the same test completes the RAM write without a warning. The x86/smm_test, set_memory_region_test, and memslot_modification_stress_test selftests also pass.

Linux kernel bnxt_en DMA length mismatch causes IOMMU fault on small packets
CVE-2026-99081 7.5 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bnxt_en: fix DMA mapping length for padded small packets Stefan Fleischmann reported Intel IOMMU DMA Read faults on BCM57412 NetXtreme-E NICs when transmitting packets on VLAN/macvlan interfaces: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [18:00.0] fault addr 0xfc499000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set bnxt_en 0000:18:00.0 eno1np0: Abandoning msg {0xb4 0x41a} len: 0 due to firmware status: 0x2000001 ... NETDEV WATCHDOG: eno1np0 (bnxt_en): transmit queue 0 timed out The fault address (0xfc499000) is on an exact 4KB page boundary, pointing to a DMA read buffer overrun. In bnxt_start_xmit(), packets smaller than BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE (52 bytes), such as 42-byte untagged ARP frames, are padded: if (length < BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE) { pad = BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE - length; if (skb_pad(skb, pad)) goto tx_kick_pending; length = BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE; } mapping = dma_map_single(&pdev->dev, skb->data, len, DMA_TO_DEVICE); ... dma_unmap_len_set(tx_buf, len, len); However, 'len' was initialized earlier to skb_headlen(skb) (e.g. 42 bytes) and is left unadjusted after padding. Consequently, dma_map_single() and dma_unmap_len_set() map and track only 42 bytes. Later, the hardware TX buffer descriptor is programmed with the padded length: txbd->tx_bd_len_flags_type = cpu_to_le32(((len + pad) << TX_BD_LEN_SHIFT) | flags | TX_BD_FLAGS_PACKET_END); The NIC DMA engine is thus instructed to read 52 bytes from a region where only 42 bytes were DMA-mapped. If skb->data ends near the boundary of a 4KB page (within 'pad' bytes of the next page), the hardware DMA read overruns into the unmapped adjacent page, triggering an IOMMU fault. This issue was exposed after commit 447cbe95ebb9 ("vlan: fix skb_under_panic and races when toggling HW VLAN offload") because reserving extra VLAN headroom rounded LL_RESERVED_SPACE from 48 up to 64 bytes, shifting skb->data offsets and potentially causing small frames to land right against page boundaries. Fix this by using skb_put_padto(skb, BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE) in bnxt_start_xmit(), before skb_shinfo(skb)->nr_frags is sampled, because padding might linearize the skb. This ensures skb->len and skb_headlen(skb) reflect the padded size so that dma_map_single() maps the full buffer and the descriptor length is consistent. This also removes the temporary 'pad' variable and masking logic. The padding is done after the SW USO branch, otherwise bnxt_sw_udp_gso_xmit() would account the padding as UDP payload and send it in extra segments. Note that SW USO segments are still not padded: with IPv4, a segment carrying less than 10 bytes of UDP payload (small gso_size, or a short last segment) is sent as a frame shorter than BNXT_MIN_PKT_SIZE. This is a separate issue, left for a followup patch.

Linux kernel: Xarray node leak in clear_inode()
CVE-2026-99080 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs: Free any excess xarray nodes in clear_inode() For many years we've had a hard to hit leak of xarray nodes. Hugh documented it well in commit 786b31121a2c. Recently people and syzbot have found ways to force it to happen with madvise. Rather than fix the leaks where they happen, just call xa_destroy() which has the side-effect of cycling the i_pages lock.

Linux Kernel mlx5e XDP Stale Buffer Release Vulnerability
CVE-2026-99079 9.8 - Critical - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5e: Prevent stale XSK buffer release on refill retry When an XDP redirect to an AF_XDP socket fails because its RX ring is full, the XSK core frees the buffer. During the subsequent batched refill of a legacy cyclic RQ, mlx5e also releases the WQE's XSK buffer before allocating a replacement. If that refill succeeds only partially, a WQE left without a replacement retains its old buffer pointer. The buffer can meanwhile be allocated to another WQE. A later refill retry can then free the live buffer through the stale pointer and publish the same UMEM frame twice. Mark the WQE as released immediately after the driver-side free. The flag is already cleared when a replacement buffer is assigned, so refill retries no longer release stale pointers. The failure is silent and produces no kernel warning or splat. A standalone legacy cyclic-RQ zero-copy libxsk reproducer, using 64-byte UDP traffic offered at 12 Mpps, detected it: stock stopped after 2,854,914 packets in 4.094 seconds, with 4,542 xdp_rx_ring_full events and 64 ownership/double-publication errors. With this change it processed 356,904,225 packets in 30 seconds despite 571,405 xdp_rx_ring_full events, with no ownership or data errors.

Linux Kernel: Prevent Stale XSK Buffer Release on MPWQE Retry
CVE-2026-99078 9.8 - Critical - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5e: Prevent stale XSK buffer release on MPWQE refill retry With AF_XDP on a striding RQ, mlx5e defers releasing XSK buffers until an MPWQE is refilled. If XSK allocation then returns -ENOMEM, actual_wq_head is not advanced and a later NAPI poll retries the same WQE. mlx5e_free_rx_mpwqe() leaves each released slot marked as releasable. On retry it can therefore call xsk_buff_free() again through stale pointers after the frames have returned to the XSK pool and been reallocated. Set all skip_release_bitmap bits in the common error path of mlx5e_xsk_alloc_rx_mpwqe(). This matches mlx5e_alloc_rx_mpwqe(). A successful allocation already clears the bitmap after replacing every buffer, so retries become idempotent without changing the success path. Fault injection forced three consecutive failures for one selected MPWQE. Both an early allocation failure and a partial 8-of-16-buffer unwind released the original 16 XSK buffers only once. Each error left a full bitmap, the following NAPI retry skipped the release, and a later successful allocation cleared it. A 20-second AF_XDP zero-copy pressure run exercised 1,575,262 buffer allocation failures without invalid descriptors, WQE errors, or kernel warnings.

Linux Kernel UDP FNHE Side-Channel Leaks in ICMP Errors
CVE-2026-99077 7.4 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching Currently, when ICMP Fragmentation Needed and Redirect Message packets are locally delivered and quote a UDP packet, a FIB nexthop exception (FNHE) is only created if the kernel can match the UDP packet to an existing socket. This behavior allows off-path attackers to conduct a side-channel attack on the FNHE cache in order to discover the ephemeral port used by a connected UDP socket. Commit 6457378fe796 ("ipv4: use siphash instead of Jenkins in fnhe_hashfun()") and commit 67d6d681e15b ("ipv4: make exception cache less predictible") tried to mitigate such attacks by making it harder for attackers to discover hash collisions in the FNHE cache and by randomizing the number of exceptions a hash bucket can hold, respectively. Unfortunately, both of the mitigations can be bypassed. Instead, mitigate such attacks by always creating a FNHE, even before trying to find a matching socket. Do that by calling ipv4_update_pmtu() and ipv4_redirect(), the helpers used when the quoted packet did not originate from a socket. This means that guesses (right or wrong) from an off-path attacker will always result in a FNHE being created or updated in the cache that the attacker can observe. Pass an oif of 0, in a similar fashion to icmp_err(). This is also the oif used by the socket path for sockets that are not bound to a device. Note that this does not allow attackers to create FNHEs that they could not create before, as both helpers can already be reached with little to no validation. For example, by sending an ICMP error that quotes an ICMP Echo Reply or one that quotes a UDP source port that matches a wildcard socket. Also note that in the good case (matched socket) the above scheme comes at the cost of an extra route lookup, as the no socket helpers perform their own lookup before the one performed by ipv4_sk_update_pmtu() / ipv4_sk_redirect(). When the two resolve to different nexthops, it also results in two exceptions being created for the same destination IP. One in the FNHE cache of the nexthop resolved by the no socket helpers and another in the FNHE cache of the nexthop used by the socket.

Linux Kernel IPv6 Exception Cache Side-Channel via ICMPv6
CVE-2026-99076 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching Currently, when ICMPv6 Packet Too Big and Redirect Message packets are locally delivered and quote a UDP packet, an exception is only created in the IPv6 exception cache if the kernel can match the UDP packet to an existing socket. This behavior allows off-path attackers to conduct a side-channel attack on the exception cache in order to discover the ephemeral port used by a connected UDP socket. Commit 4785305c05b2 ("ipv6: use siphash in rt6_exception_hash()") and commit a00df2caffed ("ipv6: make exception cache less predictible") tried to mitigate such attacks by making it harder for attackers to discover hash collisions in the exception cache and by randomizing the number of exceptions a hash bucket can hold, respectively. Unfortunately, both of the mitigations can be bypassed. Instead, mitigate such attacks by always creating an exception, even before trying to find a matching socket. Do that by calling ip6_update_pmtu() and ip6_redirect(), the helpers used when the quoted packet did not originate from a socket. This means that guesses (right or wrong) from an off-path attacker will always result in an exception being created or updated in the cache that the attacker can observe. Pass the ifindex of the ingress device and the default uid, in a similar fashion to icmpv6_err(). Unlike IPv4, an oif of 0 would not match any nexthop in ip6_redirect_nh_match() and no exception would be created in response to a Redirect Message. Note that this does not allow attackers to create exceptions that they could not create before, as both helpers can already be reached with little to no validation. For example, by sending an ICMPv6 error that quotes an ICMPv6 Echo Reply or one that quotes a UDP source port that matches a wildcard socket. Also note that in the good case (matched socket) the above scheme comes at the cost of an extra route lookup, as the no socket helpers perform their own lookup before the one performed by ip6_sk_update_pmtu() / ip6_sk_redirect(). When the two resolve to different nexthops, it also results in two exceptions being created for the same destination IP. One in the exception cache of the nexthop resolved by the no socket helpers and another in the exception cache of the nexthop used by the socket.

Linux Kernel rust_binder Refcount Desync via BINDER_THREAD_EXIT
CVE-2026-99075 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rust_binder: reschedule node refcount update on thread exit When a thread exits via BINDER_THREAD_EXIT, its pending work items are cancelled. If a thread exits while holding a pending node refcount increment (e.g. pushed as deferred work to that thread), the refcount increment was previously dropped because Node::cancel() and NodeWrapper::cancel() were no-ops. Dropping the refcount update leaves the node's delivery state and count state desynchronized, and userspace will not receive the notification, which can cause the node to never be freed from the process's nodes tree when all external references are dropped. Fix this by implementing DeliverToRead::cancel() for Node and NodeWrapper to move the pending refcount update to the process's work queue on thread exit so another thread can deliver it to userspace.

Linux kernel: PMTU update derefs NULL via shrinking nexthop group
CVE-2026-99074 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: stop PMTU walk when nexthop group shrinks Commit 7d3f3b4367f3 ("net: ipv4: Cache pmtu for all packet paths if multipath enabled") made __ip_rt_update_pmtu() update every path. For nexthop objects, fib_info_num_path() and fib_info_nhc() independently load nh->nh_grp. RCU protects each group's lifetime but does not make the loads observe the same group. If replacement shrinks the group after the loop accepts an index, fib_info_nhc() returns NULL and update_or_create_fnhe() dereferences it. A deterministic probe only widened the existing window between the real operations. On v7.2, an RTM_NEWNEXTHOP replacement published a one-member group after the PMTU reader accepted index 1 from a two-member group, producing: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: update_or_create_fnhe+0x45/0x15b0 Stop when the indexed path is absent. Groups are dense, so no later index exists in that snapshot. The same real-writer window completed 114,423 PMTU iterations without an oops with this check. A reproducer is available on request. Replacement requires CAP_NET_ADMIN in the network namespace. Where unprivileged user namespaces are permitted, a local user can obtain it in a new user and network namespace.

Linux Kernel IPv4 FIB Dump Null Deref due to Nexthop Group Shrink
CVE-2026-99073 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: stop exception dump when nexthop group shrinks Commit 4ce5dc9316de ("inet: switch inet_dump_fib() to RCU protection") allowed IPv4 FIB dumps to run concurrently with nexthop replacement. fib_dump_info_fnhe() uses fib_info_num_path() as the loop bound, then fib_info_nhc() independently reloads nh->nh_grp. If RTM_NEWNEXTHOP replaces a group with fewer paths between those loads, fib_info_nhc() returns NULL and the dump dereferences it through nhc_flags. Stop the walk when the indexed path is absent. Nexthop groups are dense, so the current snapshot has no later path.

Linux Kernel IPv4: Null Deref in fib_nlmsg_size on NH Group Shrink
CVE-2026-99072 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: stop route notification sizing when nexthop group shrinks Commit 680aea08e78c ("net: ipv4: Emit notification when fib hardware flags are changed") added an RCU-only fib_nlmsg_size() call for asynchronous hardware flag notifications. fib_nlmsg_size() checks fib_info_num_path() before each iteration, then fib_info_nhc() independently reloads nh->nh_grp. If RTM_NEWNEXTHOP replaces a group with fewer paths between those loads, fib_info_nhc() returns NULL and fib_nexthop_nlmsg_size() dereferences it. Stop sizing when the indexed path is absent. Nexthop groups are dense, so the current snapshot has no later path.

Linux Kernel IPv4 Route Notif Size Race Fix
CVE-2026-99071 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: do not warn on route notification size race Commit 680aea08e78c ("net: ipv4: Emit notification when fib hardware flags are changed") added asynchronous route notifications for hardware flag changes. fib_alias_hw_flags_set() sizes the skb with fib_nlmsg_size() and later fills it with fib_dump_info() while holding only RCU. With nexthop compatibility mode enabled, a concurrent replacement can grow the group between these independent snapshots. fib_dump_info() can then legitimately return -EMSGSIZE, so the warning does not prove a sizing bug. Remove the warning. The existing error path still frees the skb and reports the error to listeners.

Linux Kernel IPv6 Route Notification Size Race Fix
CVE-2026-99070 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: do not warn on route notification size race fib6_info_hw_flags_set() sizes the skb with rt6_nlmsg_size() and later fills it with rt6_fill_node(). With nexthop compatibility mode enabled, a concurrent replacement can grow the group between these independent snapshots. rt6_fill_node() can then legitimately return -EMSGSIZE, so the warning does not prove a sizing bug. Remove the warning. The existing error path still frees the skb and reports the error to listeners.

Linux Kernel USB Driver ati_remote2 Type Confusion
CVE-2026-99069 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: ati_remote2 - fix type confusion in device attribute handlers Previously, the channel_mask and mode_mask attributes were registered on the parent usb_device via sysfs_create_group(). When commit b20d6bf8014b ("Input: ati-remote2 - use driver core to instantiate device attributes") converted the driver to let the driver core manage them via dev_groups in struct usb_driver, the attributes moved to the bound usb_interface devices, but the show and store callbacks were not updated accordingly. As a result, the callbacks still invoked to_usb_device() on a device pointer belonging to a struct usb_interface, producing an invalid usb_device pointer. Use to_usb_interface() directly in the attribute handlers to obtain the interface and its driver data.

Linux Kernel ALSA ctxfi: Memory Leak in DAO Input Mapper Clearing
CVE-2026-99068 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: ctxfi: Fix memory leakage when clearing DAO input mappers Commit e576e7843c0d ("ALSA: ctxfi: Simplify dao_clear_{left,right}_input() functions") centralized the DAO input mapper clearing logic in dao_clear_input(), but omitted the kfree() calls. It removes the mapper entries from the list and sets their pointers to NULL without freeing the allocated array. This leaks memory each time dao_clear_input() is called. Store the base pointer of the allocation before clearing the mapper entries and free the array after removing entries from the list.

Linux Kernel btrfs Scrub: Ref Leak on paths_from_inode() Failure
CVE-2026-99067 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: scrub: fix local_root reference leak in scrub_print_warning_inode() When paths_from_inode() fails, scrub_print_warning_inode() jumps to err without dropping the reference taken by btrfs_get_fs_root(), leaking a reference to the root every time path resolution fails while printing scrub warnings. Every other error and success path of the function drops the reference. Drop the reference on the paths_from_inode() failure path too.

Linux Kernel CAN skb Header Init Bug Causing Kernel Panic
CVE-2026-99066 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: dev: init_can_skb(): restore skb header initialization Commit 9f10374bb024 ("can: remove private CAN skb headroom infrastructure") removed the skb_reset_mac_header()/skb_reset_network_header()/ skb_reset_transport_header() calls from init_can_skb(). As a result, RX skbs from alloc_can_skb() and friends again carry mac_header = 0xFFFF. When such an skb reaches packet_rcv_spkt() (SOCK_PACKET), the push length calculation overflows and triggers skb_under_panic -> kernel BUG -> full machine panic. The same issue was originally reported in 2014 on linux-can and fixed by commit 969439016d2c ("can: add missing initialisations in CAN related skbuffs"). packet_rcv_spkt() itself has never been hardened: only packet_rcv() and tpacket_rcv() gained dev_has_header() checks in commit d549699048b4 ("net/packet: fix packet receive on L3 devices without visible hard header").

Linux Kernel cgroup cpuset Null Ptr Deref via CPU Hotplug Race
CVE-2026-99065 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cgroup/cpuset: Handle cpu hotplug race in guarantee_active_cpus() With commit 2125c0034c5d ("cgroup/cpuset: Make cpuset hotplug processing synchronous"), the cpuset hotplug operation becomes synchronous. That commit also removes the code that handles race between cpuset_hotplug_work and cpu hotplug notifier with the assumption that race is now gone. Later commit 7a0aabd9ce69 ("cgroup/cpuset: Always use cpu_active_mask") updates the cpuset code to always use cpu_active_mask instead of cpu_online_mask in some places including guarantee_online_cpus() which is renamed to guarantee_active_cpus() in that commit. In the case of CPU offline operation, cpu_active_mask is updated first in sched_cpu_deactivate() to remove the offline CPU before cpuset_handle_hotplug() is called to update the effective_cpus of the affected cpusets. The cpu_online_mask is updated after that near the end of the offline operation to remove the offline CPU. As a result, the race comes back and the top cpuset may not have any active CPU leading to NULL pointer dereference during the race window when guarantee_active_cpus() is called after cpu_active_mask is updated to remove the CPU to be torn down but before cpuset_handle_hotplug() is able to properly update the effective_cpus of the top cpuset. Fix this by adding back the NULL cs check to avoid this problem.

Linux Kernel CIPSO Option Offset Bug in ip_forward_options
CVE-2026-99064 8.1 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cipso: adjust cached option offsets when removing CIPSO cipso_v4_skbuff_delattr() removes the CIPSO bytes but does not adjust cached offsets for options that follow them. For example, with a valid 10-byte CIPSO option followed by a seven-byte RR option, parsing records rr at offset 30. Removing CIPSO moves RR to offset 20, while the cached offset remains 30. Consumers such as ip_forward_options() and __ip_options_echo() then access the wrong bytes; the latter may interpret packet data as the option length and copy it into fixed-size option storage. Mirror cipso_v4_delopt() and subtract cipso_len from the srr, rr, ts and router_alert offsets when they follow CIPSO. cipso_len is the distance the first memmove() shifts those options. The later header move and network-header reset relocate the bytes and their offset base together.

Linux Kernel dm_ioctl OOB Read via Data_Start Past Buffer
CVE-2026-99063 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm ioctl: don't let data_start run past the buffer struct dm_ioctl has seven bytes of trailing padding, so the smallest buffer userspace is allowed to ask for, offsetof(struct dm_ioctl, data), is seven bytes shorter than sizeof(struct dm_ioctl). get_result_buffer() sets data_start to sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) without looking at how big the buffer actually is. Ask for the minimum and data_start ends up seven bytes past the end. Callers add it to data_size, and ctl_ioctl() copies that much back to userspace: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0xad/0xd0 Read of size 312 at addr ffff8880169e4c00 by task repro-dm/140 ctl_ioctl+0x5e3/0xcb0 dm_ctl_ioctl+0x25/0x40 allocated 305-byte region [ffff8880169e4c00, ffff8880169e4d31) A DM_LIST_DEVICES with data_size set to 305 is enough to hit it, and the seven bytes that leak are whatever sat next to the allocation. Clamp data_start to the buffer size. Note that this is not a security bug because the out-of-bounds read can only be triggered by root.

Linux Kernel VSOCK virtio: Underflow in rx_bytes accounting (CVE-2026-99062)
CVE-2026-99062 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock/virtio: account only unread bytes in read_skb() After a partial stream receive, rx_bytes tracks the unread suffix while buf_used and peer credit still cover the whole packet. virtio_transport_read_skb() dequeues that packet but passes pkt_len for both counters, underflowing rx_bytes. On a connected CID_LOCAL stream with an SK_SKB verdict, a 40-byte read from a 100-byte packet made SIOCINQ report -40, an empty recv return ELOOP, and poll report the empty socket readable. After verdict detach, receiving 40 bytes wrapped the counter to zero and hid those queued bytes until one more byte arrived. The fixed run kept the counter balanced and exposed all queued data immediately. This was found during an LLM-assisted manual source audit of VSOCK receive accounting while re-evaluating virtio_transport_read_skb() after CVE-2024-50169. Subtract only skb->len minus the VSOCK offset from rx_bytes. Retain the full packet length for buf_used and peer credit.

Linux kernel brcmfmac P2P device removal race causes kernel crash
CVE-2026-99061 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: fix P2P device removal race in brcmf_detach() When the driver is removed while the user space process that created the P2P device (e.g. wpa_supplicant) is still exiting, the P2P device interface is removed twice and the kernel crashes. The two paths are: - wpa_supplicant, on exit, sends NL80211_CMD_DEL_INTERFACE for the P2P device. nl80211_del_interface() holds RTNL and the wiphy mutex and calls brcmf_p2p_del_vif(), which disables discovery and waits up to 1.5 s for BRCMF_E_IF_DEL. Then it calls brcmf_remove_interface(), which unregisters the wdev and frees the vif and the ifp. - brcmf_detach() sets the bus down, so BRCMF_E_IF_DEL never arrives, and calls brcmf_remove_interface(ifp, false) for the same ifp. brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed() reads ifp->vif and then blocks on rtnl_lock(). When brcmf_p2p_del_vif() releases RTNL, it calls cfg80211_unregister_wdev() on the wdev that was already unregistered and freed. The second list_del_rcu() of wdev->list faults on LIST_POISON2: brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_del_vif delete P2P vif brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_deinit_discovery enter brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_del_vif P2P: GO_NEG_PHASE status cleared brcmfmac: brcmf_detach Enter brcmfmac: brcmf_bus_change_state 1 -> 0 brcmfmac: brcmf_remove_interface Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0 brcmfmac: brcmf_del_if Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0 brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed P2P: device interface removed [1.5 s later, brcmf_p2p_del_vif() timed out] brcmfmac: brcmf_remove_interface Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0 brcmfmac: brcmf_del_if Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0 brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed P2P: device interface removed Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address dead000000000122 Internal error: Oops: 96000044 [#1] PREEMPT_RT SMP pc : _cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x6c/0x264 [cfg80211] Call trace: _cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x6c/0x264 [cfg80211] cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x10/0x1c [cfg80211] brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed+0x84/0xb0 [brcmfmac] brcmf_remove_interface+0x1f4/0x254 [brcmfmac] brcmf_detach+0x88/0x180 [brcmfmac] brcmf_sdio_remove+0x90/0x7b0 [brcmfmac] brcmf_sdiod_remove+0x20/0xa0 [brcmfmac] brcmf_ops_sdio_remove+0xbc/0x12c [brcmfmac] sdio_bus_remove+0x38/0x144 device_release_driver_internal+0x1e8/0x2c0 device_release_driver+0x14/0x20 brcmf_sdio_bus_remove+0x2c/0x40 [brcmfmac] brcmf_fwvid_unregister_vendor+0xd8/0x170 [brcmfmac] __exit_compat+0x18/0x418 [brcmfmac_cyw] __arm64_sys_delete_module+0x1ac/0x244 The log was taken with debug=0x406 on an i.MX 8M Plus board with a CYW55513 (Sona IF513) on SDIO. The driver is the Ezurio backport of brcmfmac from v6.18.22 on a 5.4-rt kernel. The code involved is the same in mainline. To reproduce: 1. Start wpa_supplicant on wlan0 and let it associate. It creates the P2P device (iw dev shows "type P2P-device"). 2. Stop wpa_supplicant and remove the driver without waiting for wpa_supplicant to exit: kill $(pidof wpa_supplicant) rmmod brcmfmac_cyw brcmfmac The crash is reproducible on that board. For the interface without a netdev (the P2P device), take RTNL and the wiphy mutex in brcmf_detach() before reading iflist, and remove it with locked=true. If brcmf_p2p_del_vif() runs first, brcmf_detach() finds the slot empty. If brcmf_detach() runs first, nl80211 does not find the wdev any more. The interfaces with a netdev are removed as before, because brcmf_del_if() takes RTNL on its own for the primary interface.

Linux Kernel: mt76 mt7603 Global WCID Init Race Condition
CVE-2026-99060 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7603: initialize global station WCID mt7603 uses a driver-private global station WCID for frames that have neither a station nor a vif, including frames injected through a monitor interface. Unlike the core global WCID initialized by mt76_register_device(), this WCID is published without ever being passed to mt76_wcid_init(). Since commit 0335c034e726 ("wifi: mt76: fix race condition related to checking tx queue fill status"), mt76_tx() queues every such frame on the WCID's tx_pending or tx_offchannel queue and links its tx_list. The first injected frame therefore reaches __skb_queue_tail() with an uninitialized sk_buff_head and dereferences a NULL prev pointer. Initialize the WCID before publishing it. The fix was tested on an MT7603 PCIe device. Three wildcard probe requests were injected through a monitor interface. The hardware queue head and tail advanced from 0 to 3 and a second radio captured the third request over the air. No oops or reset occurred. After restoring AP mode, a 150 MB transfer also completed without a reset.

Linux Kernel WireGuard Race: Handshake State Leak (CVE202699059)
CVE-2026-99059 7.7 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wireguard: noise: reject response consumption after intermediate initiation Two threads begin processing the identical response message, received twice. The first thread, A, runs. While it's running, the second one, B, gets partway through, and during that slow calculation, or even while blocking on down_write(), A completes and then also a handshake initiation that's already been queued up runs in thread C, which itself takes that same down_write(). The handshake initiation creation succeeds, and sets the state back to waiting-for-response, and calls up_write(), at which point thread B resumes, because either its finished its calculations or was finally allowed to acquire down_write(). Thread B then copies the state back to the peer, and begins a new session, using that state, which is the same session as the one made in thread A. Thread A Thread B Thread C down_read() sA = handshake->state memcpy(cA, handshake->crypto) up_read() if (sA != 1) goto fail slow_crypto(cA) down_read() sB = handshake->state memcpy(cB, handshake->crypto) up_read() if (sB != 1) goto fail slow_crypto(cB) down_write() if (sA != handshake->state) goto fail memcpy(handshake->crypto, cA) handshake->state = 2 up_write() down_write() if (handshake->state != 2) goto fail derive_session(handshake->crypto) up_write() down_write() slow_crypto(handshake->crypto) handshake->state = 1 up_write() down_write() if (sB != handshake->state) goto fail memcpy(handshake->crypto, cB) handshake->state = 2 up_write() down_write() if (handshake->state != 2) goto fail derive_session(handshake->crypto) up_write() This seems basically impossible to hit in a meaningful way in practice, but ensure that it absolutely cannot happen by comparing the ephemeral private key that's on the stack with the latest one that the peer's handshake state has.

Linux Kernel Workqueue: Null Dref via Current_pwq Deref (CVE-2026-99058)
CVE-2026-99058 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: workqueue: Fix NULL current_pwq deref in chained work check current_wq_worker() only tells us that %current is a kworker. It does not guarantee that the worker is currently executing a work item, as worker->current_pwq is populated only while process_one_work() is running the work function. is_chained_work() can be reached while queueing on a draining or destroying workqueue. If a kworker outside work-item execution reaches that path, current_wq_worker() returns a worker but worker->current_pwq is NULL, and the chained-work test can fault before it emits the intended warning. Guard the chained-work test with worker->current_pwq. A kworker without current_pwq is not executing work on the target workqueue, so the helper should return false and let the draining/destroying warning fire.

Linux Kernel: skb leak in xen/netfront due to xennet_fill_frags() failure
CVE-2026-99057 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xen/netfront: don't leak the skb when xennet_fill_frags() fails When a response chain has more slots than fit in the skb's frags, xennet_fill_frags() returns an error and xennet_poll() jumps to its error path. That path moves what's left on tmpq to errq to be freed, but the skb being filled was already dequeued from tmpq, so it's never freed. Each chain that overflows leaks the skb and the pages attached to it as frags, and the backend decides how many slots it sends. Put the skb back on tmpq before taking the error path, like the xennet_set_skb_gso() failure just above it does.

Linux kernel strparser race condition & potential UAF crash
CVE-2026-99056 7.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: strparser: make sure __strp_recv isn't running before tearing down the parser The comment above strp_done() claims that if strp is stopped, strp_recv will no longer be called. That's only true if the caller has a mechanism (eg locking) to guarantee that strp_recv() calls that started before strp_stop() have completed by the time we call strp_done(). This adds a dummy lock_sock/release_sock pair to guarantee that any in-flight strp_recv() (which runs under either bh_lock_sock or lock_sock, depending if it's called from ->sk_data_ready or strp_work) has completed. Only espintcp can be affected by this race condition, but this patch makes sure no future user of strp can have the bug. This could crash on strp->sk ("general mode" of strp), but this mode has been here for 9 years and has never been used. It'll be gone soon, no point worrying about it. Switch the stopped/paused/etc bits to u8's to avoid races between strp_stop() and strp_pause/unpause(). A reproducer has been published and turns the possible UAF into an exploit [1].

Linux Kernel: Null-Pointer Deref in tcp_zerocopy_receive (net_iov)
CVE-2026-99055 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: reject net_iov in zerocopy receive mapping hints After copying a readable prefix, receive_fallback_to_copy() asks tcp_zerocopy_set_hint_for_skb() where page mapping can resume. If the next skb is unreadable, find_next_mappable_frag() passes its net_iov fragment to can_map_frag(). skb_frag_page() returns NULL for a net_iov, but can_map_frag() dereferences it in PageCompound(). A v7.2 KASAN run on a connected TCP socket with 64 readable bytes followed by a 4096-byte NET_IOV_DMABUF fragment reported: BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in can_map_frag tcp_zerocopy_receive -> can_map_frag Kernel panic - not syncing: KASAN: panic_on_warn set The diagnostic inserted the net_iov directly because the test host has no devmem-capable NIC. Hardware end-to-end reachability remains untested and requires CONFIG_NET_DEVMEM plus a supported DMA-buf-bound RX queue. Reject all net_iov fragments before skb_frag_page(). This covers both DMABUF and IOURING net_iov types while leaving page-backed checks unchanged. With the guard, the same queue copied the readable prefix, returned a 4096-byte skip hint, and completed without a fault.

Linux kernel TIPC topsrv workqueue teardown race leads to UAF and RCU stall
CVE-2026-99054 7.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: destroy topsrv workqueues before closing connections tipc_topsrv_stop() closed subscriber connections while the topology server's send and receive workqueues were still running. Socket callbacks and subscription events could then queue more work, and in-flight send/recv work could drop the last connection reference during the conn_idr walk. That race produced several teardown failures: refcount_t addition on 0 from conn_get() on a connection whose release was blocked on idr_lock, a subsequent use-after-free in tipc_conn_close(), queue_work() on an already destroyed workqueue from the listener data-ready callback, and an RCU stall in tipc_topsrv_exit_net() while the walk spun under idr_lock. Clear srv->listener under idr_lock so it acts as a shutdown flag, skip queue_work() once it is NULL, destroy the workqueues to flush in-flight work, and only then close the remaining connections. Refuse tipc_conn_lookup() after that flag is cleared, and drop idr_lock when the teardown walk finds no connection, so an in-flight subscription event cannot pin idr_in_use while the walk holds the lock. v3 supersedes the narrower in-thread diff Tung Quang Nguyen posted on 2026-09-23. It keeps his teardown order and adds the lookup refusal and the empty-idr unlock.

Linux kernel TIPc node use-after-free flaw
CVE-2026-99053 7.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: hold a reference to nodes found by link name tipc_node_find_by_name() returns a node after dropping its RCU read lock without taking a reference. The LINK_SET, LINK_GET and LINK_RESET_STATS handlers then lock and access the node, racing with timer-driven cleanup of a down peer. Generic netlink serialization does not exclude the node timer. The following interleaving can leave a handler using a freed node: CPU 0: find the node under RCU and release the node read lock CPU 1: tipc_node_timeout() clears the links and unlinks the down node CPU 1: drop the list and timer references, queuing tipc_node_free() CPU 0: leave the RCU read-side critical section CPU 1: complete the grace period and free the node CPU 0: acquire the node lock through the stale pointer LINK_SET also uses the node's media address after releasing the node lock, when passing queued packets to tipc_bearer_xmit(). KASAN on v7.3-rc5 reported: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in _raw_read_lock_bh Write of size 4 at addr ffff88807e06f008 by task poc/92 Call Trace: _raw_read_lock_bh kernel/locking/spinlock.c:287 tipc_nl_node_set_link net/tipc/node.c:2475 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit net/netlink/genetlink.c:1114 genl_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:1209 netlink_rcv_skb net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2575 Allocated by task 0: tipc_node_create net/tipc/node.c:539 tipc_node_check_dest net/tipc/node.c:1196 tipc_disc_rcv net/tipc/discover.c:252 Freed by task 92: kfree mm/slub.c:6801 rcu_core kernel/rcu/tree.c:2919 Last potentially related work creation: __call_rcu_common.constprop.0 kernel/rcu/tree.c:3181 tipc_node_timeout net/tipc/node.c:814 Acquire a reference to the selected node with kref_get_unless_zero() before leaving RCU, returning NULL if the node has already been released. Release that reference on every caller exit after the last node access, including transmission in LINK_SET. Keep the existing link lookup order and locking so concurrent link removal still takes the existing error paths.

Linux Kernel SELinux: Missing Native Labels on Reused Superblock
CVE-2026-99052 - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: selinux: preserve NATIVE_LABELS on already-initialized sb in set_mnt_opts When an NFSv4 filesystem exported with security_label is mounted a second time, sget_fc() returns the existing superblock and nfs_get_root() calls security_sb_set_mnt_opts() again on it. Since the superblock is already SB_INITIALIZED, selinux_set_mnt_opts() takes an early exit without setting SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS in *set_kern_flags. nfs_get_root() then sees kflags without SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS set and clears NFS_CAP_SECURITY_LABEL on the shared nfs_server, silently disabling per-file labeling for both the new and the original mount. Commit 3815a245b501 ("security/selinux: fix SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS on reused superblock") fixed the same problem in selinux_sb_clone_mnt_opts(). The reused-superblock path for a plain second mount now goes through sb_set_mnt_opts rather than sb_clone_mnt_opts, so it needs the same treatment: on both SE_SBINITIALIZED early exits, set SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS in *set_kern_flags when the superblock was already using SECURITY_FS_USE_NATVE.

Linux Kernel fsverity RCU UAF
CVE-2026-99051 7.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fsverity: RCU-delay the freeing of struct fsverity_info __fsverity_get_info() calls rhashtable_lookup_fast(), which just uses rcu_read_lock() and doesn't directly synchronize with fsverity_remove_info(). For the same inode this isn't a problem: its fsverity_info is removed only at inode eviction time or upon failure to enable verity, when the inode no longer needs its fsverity_info and it will no longer be accessed via that inode. However, this is broken and can cause a use-after-free for concurrent __fsverity_get_info() for *different* inodes. Those rely on following fsverity_info::rhash_head in the rhashtable under rcu_read_lock() only. They also use fsverity_info::inode to do the key comparison. Fix this by RCU-delaying the freeing of 'struct fsverity_info' after it's been removed from the rhashtable.

Linux Kernel gpio_mpsse UAF via IRQ Worker race
CVE-2026-99050 7.8 - High - October 23, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: mpsse: fix race when arming the IRQ poll worker gpio_mpsse_irq_enable() arms the poll worker before publishing it: schedule_work() runs before the worker is added to priv->workers. If gpio_mpsse_disconnect() walks the list in that window it misses the worker, and once disconnect returns, the USB core frees mpsse_priv while the orphaned gpio_mpsse_poll() work keeps accessing it, causing a use-after-free. Fix this by publishing and arming the worker in one irq_spin critical section. Teardown walks the same list under irq_spin, so a worker found on the list is guaranteed to be armed, and cancel_work_sync() handles it whether it is queued or running. A worker armed after the disconnect walk would still be missed, so also set a new priv->dying flag under irq_spin before the teardown walk, and check it in the same critical section, freeing it via kfree_rcu() instead when the device is going away, since kfree() would be called with the IRQ core's raw spinlock held and may sleep on PREEMPT_RT. schedule_work() is safe to call with irq_spin held, and the next probe gets a fresh mpsse_priv, so the flag never needs to be cleared. This issue was found by an in-house static analysis tool.

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