Keycloak: Unvalidated error_description param enables XSS/Phishing
CVE-2025-10044 Published on September 5, 2025

Keycloak: keycloak error_description injection on error pages
A flaw was found in Keycloak. Keycloaks account console and other pages accept arbitrary text in the error_description query parameter. This text is directly rendered in error pages without validation or sanitization. While HTML encoding prevents XSS, an attacker can craft URLs with misleading messages (e.g., fake support phone numbers or URLs), which are displayed within the trusted Keycloak UI. This creates a phishing vector, potentially tricking users into contacting malicious actors.

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Vulnerability Analysis

CVE-2025-10044 is exploitable with network access, requires user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have no impact on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity, and no impact on availability.

Attack Vector:
NETWORK
Attack Complexity:
LOW
Privileges Required:
NONE
User Interaction:
REQUIRED
Scope:
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact:
NONE
Integrity Impact:
LOW
Availability Impact:
NONE

Timeline

Reported to Red Hat.

Made public.

Weakness Type

What is a XSS Vulnerability?

The software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.

CVE-2025-10044 has been classified to as a XSS vulnerability or weakness.


Products Associated with CVE-2025-10044

You can be notified by email with stack.watch whenever vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-10044 are published in these products:

Red Hat Build Keycloak
 
Red Hat Keycloak
 

Affected Versions

keycloak: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0.17: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2: Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.2.9:

Vulnerable Packages

The following package name and versions may be associated with CVE-2025-10044

Package Manager Vulnerable Package Versions Fixed In
maven org.keycloak:keycloak-account-ui < 26.2.9 26.2.9
maven org.keycloak:keycloak-account-ui >= 26.3.0, < 26.3.4 26.3.4
maven org.keycloak:keycloak-admin-ui < 26.2.9 26.2.9
maven org.keycloak:keycloak-admin-ui >= 26.3.0, < 26.3.4 26.3.4

Exploit Probability

EPSS
0.03%
Percentile
10.04%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.