Linux Kernel GRO BIG TCP Validation Bypass (CVE-2026-80725)
CVE-2026-80725 Published on August 29, 2026
net: gro: properly validate BIG TCP aggregation criteria
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: gro: properly validate BIG TCP aggregation criteria
When GRO attempts to aggregate packets beyond GRO_LEGACY_MAX_SIZE (64KB),
BIG TCP should only be permitted for plain IPv4 TCP and plain IPv6 TCP
(with sufficient MAC header room to insert the temporary HBH jumbo header).
However, commit b1a78b9b9886 ("net: add support for ipv4 big tcp")
loosened the check in skb_gro_receive(), leading to several issues:
1. skb_gro_receive() checked skb_headroom(p) instead of the actual space
before the MAC header (p->mac_header). Because skb_headroom(p) includes
mac_len, crafted frames (e.g. injected via AF_PACKET) can pass the check
with p->mac_header < 8 bytes. When ipv6_gro_complete() inserts the
temporary HBH jumbo header, the memmove() starts before skb->head,
causing an out-of-bounds write and wrapping skb->mac_header.
2. It allowed non-IP protocols such as software VLAN (ETH_P_8021Q /
ETH_P_8021AD) to aggregate beyond 64KB because
p->protocol != ETH_P_IPV6 was true.
3. It checked p->encapsulation instead of NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->encap_mark,
allowing encapsulated flows (e.g. SIT / IPv6-in-IPv4) to aggregate
beyond 64KB.
Fix skb_gro_receive() to strictly enforce:
- NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->proto == IPPROTO_TCP
- Not encapsulated (!NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->encap_mark && !p->encapsulation)
- Protocol must be either ETH_P_IP or ETH_P_IPV6
- If ETH_P_IPV6, p->mac_header must be at least
sizeof(struct hop_jumbo_hdr)
Returning -E2BIG from skb_gro_receive() ensures that packets which cannot
become BIG TCP are cleanly flushed at <= 64KB and delivered intact without
dropping.
This issue does not exist in mainline (7.0+) because the subsystem was
rewritten in commit 81be30c1f5f2 ("net/ipv6: Drop HBH for BIG TCP on RX
side"), making this fix relevant only for older stable branches like
6.18.y.
Products Associated with CVE-2026-80725
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Affected Versions
Linux:- Version 0fe79f28bfaf73b66b7b1562d2468f94aa03bd12 and below 37a5dcd6837fc2afc44a7bc3ed8af4e983783d46 is affected.
- Version 0fe79f28bfaf73b66b7b1562d2468f94aa03bd12 and below e907bf694ed55bdfe421be99dba35751a655df25 is affected.
- Version 0fe79f28bfaf73b66b7b1562d2468f94aa03bd12 and below 03cb8cc2961f5f781d12e903782cb3815ed84b1c is affected.
- Version 0fe79f28bfaf73b66b7b1562d2468f94aa03bd12 and below 3ce832e2bd431d0c12ba525ed73ad8fbc4191da5 is affected.
- Version 0fe79f28bfaf73b66b7b1562d2468f94aa03bd12 and below 81be30c1f5f2bffda1f04c0efd0746af10b9643a is affected.
- Version 5.19 is affected.
- Before 5.19 is unaffected.
- Version 6.1.185, <= 6.1.* is unaffected.
- Version 6.6.154, <= 6.6.* is unaffected.
- Version 6.12.106, <= 6.12.* is unaffected.
- Version 6.18.47, <= 6.18.* is unaffected.
- Version 7.0, <= * is unaffected.