Next.js SSRF via WebSocket Upgrade (Node.js Server) 13.4.13 - 15.5.16/16.2.5
CVE-2026-44578 Published on May 13, 2026

Next.js: Server-side request forgery in applications using WebSocket upgrades
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 13.4.13 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, self-hosted applications using the built-in Node.js server can be vulnerable to server-side request forgery through crafted WebSocket upgrade requests. An attacker can cause the server to proxy requests to arbitrary internal or external destinations, which may expose internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. Vercel-hosted deployments are not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.

NVD

Vulnerability Analysis

CVE-2026-44578 is exploitable with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have a high impact on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity and availability.

Attack Vector:
NETWORK
Attack Complexity:
LOW
Privileges Required:
NONE
User Interaction:
NONE
Scope:
CHANGED
Confidentiality Impact:
HIGH
Integrity Impact:
NONE
Availability Impact:
NONE

Weakness Type

What is a SSRF Vulnerability?

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination. By providing URLs to unexpected hosts or ports, attackers can make it appear that the server is sending the request, possibly bypassing access controls such as firewalls that prevent the attackers from accessing the URLs directly. The server can be used as a proxy to conduct port scanning of hosts in internal networks, use other URLs such as that can access documents on the system (using file://), or use other protocols such as gopher:// or tftp://, which may provide greater control over the contents of requests.

CVE-2026-44578 has been classified to as a SSRF vulnerability or weakness.


Products Associated with CVE-2026-44578

You can be notified by email with stack.watch whenever vulnerabilities like CVE-2026-44578 are published in these products:

Vercel Next Js
 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Ai
 
Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer
 
Red Hat Amq Streams
 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
 

Affected Versions

vercel next.js: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3: Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer: Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2: Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 3: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9:

Exploit Probability

EPSS
2.83%
Percentile
84.77%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.