Apache Struts Extras Log Injection via LookupDispatchAction
CVE-2025-54656 Published on July 30, 2025
Apache Struts Extras: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Improper Output Neutralization for Logs vulnerability in Apache Struts.
This issue affects Apache Struts Extras: before 2.
When using LookupDispatchAction, in some cases, Struts may print untrusted input to the logs without any filtering. Specially-crafted input may lead to log output where part of the message masquerades as a separate log line, confusing consumers of the logs (either human or automated).
As this project is retired, we do not plan to release a version that fixes this issue. Users are recommended to find an alternative or restrict access to the instance to trusted users.
NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-54656 is exploitable with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have a small impact on confidentiality and integrity, and no impact on availability.
Weakness Type
Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
The software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes output that is written to logs.
Products Associated with CVE-2025-54656
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Affected Versions
Apache Software Foundation Apache Struts Extras:- Before 2 is affected.
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.