Deserialization RCE in ActiveMQ NMS AMQP 2.3.0
CVE-2025-54539 Published on October 16, 2025

Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsofts deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.

Vendor Advisory NVD

Vulnerability Analysis

CVE-2025-54539 can be exploited with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to be critical as this vulnerability has a high impact to the confidentiality, integrity and availability of this component.

Attack Vector:
NETWORK
Attack Complexity:
LOW
Privileges Required:
NONE
User Interaction:
NONE
Scope:
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality Impact:
HIGH
Integrity Impact:
HIGH
Availability Impact:
HIGH

Weakness Type

What is a Marshaling, Unmarshaling Vulnerability?

The application deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid.

CVE-2025-54539 has been classified to as a Marshaling, Unmarshaling vulnerability or weakness.


Products Associated with CVE-2025-54539

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Apache ActiveMQ
 

Affected Versions

Apache Software Foundation Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client:

Exploit Probability

EPSS
0.34%
Percentile
56.18%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.