Use-After-Free in Juniper rpd leading to DoS before 24.2R2
CVE-2025-52946 Published on July 11, 2025
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: With traceoptions enabled, receipt of malformed AS PATH causes RPD crash
A Use After Free vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker sending a BGP update with a specifically malformed AS PATH to cause rpd to crash, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). Continuous receipt of the malformed AS PATH attribute will cause a sustained DoS condition.
On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, the rpd process will crash and restart when a specifically malformed AS PATH is received within a BGP update and traceoptions are enabled.
This issue only affects systems with BGP traceoptions enabled and requires a BGP session to be already established. Systems without BGP traceoptions enabled are not impacted by this issue.
This issue affects:
Junos OS:
* All versions before 21.2R3-S9,
* all versions of 21.4,
* from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S6,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S5,
* from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S3,
* from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S4,
* from 24.2 before 24.2R2;
Junos OS Evolved:
* All versions before 22.4R3-S5-EVO,
* from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-S3-EVO,
* from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R2-S4-EVO,
* from 24.2-EVO before 24.2R2-EVO.
This is a more complete fix for previously published CVE-2024-39549 (JSA83011).
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-52946 is exploitable with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have no impact on confidentiality and integrity, and a high impact on availability.
Weakness Type
What is a Dangling pointer Vulnerability?
Referencing memory after it has been freed can cause a program to crash, use unexpected values, or execute code.
CVE-2025-52946 has been classified to as a Dangling pointer vulnerability or weakness.
Products Associated with CVE-2025-52946
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Affected Versions
Juniper Networks Junos OS:- Before 21.2R3-S9 is affected.
- Version 21.4 and below * is affected.
- Version 22.2 and below 22.2R3-S6 is affected.
- Version 22.4 and below 22.4R3-S5 is affected.
- Version 23.2 and below 23.2R2-S3 is affected.
- Version 23.4 and below 23.4R2-S4 is affected.
- Version 24.2 and below 24.2R2 is affected.
- Before 22.4R3-S5-EVO is affected.
- Version 23.2-EVO and below 23.2R2-S3-EVO is affected.
- Version 23.4-EVO and below 23.4R2-S4-EVO is affected.
- Version 24.2-EVO and below 24.2R2-EVO is affected.
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.