CloudStack Annotation API Access Validation Flaw (4.16+)
CVE-2025-22828 Published on January 13, 2025
Apache CloudStack: Unauthorised access to annotations
CloudStack users can add and read comments (annotations) on resources they are authorised to access.
Due to an access validation issue that affects Apache CloudStack versions from 4.16.0, users who have access, prior access or knowledge of resource UUIDs can list and add comments (annotations) to such resources.
An attacker with a user-account and access or prior knowledge of resource UUIDs may exploit this issue to read contents of the comments (annotations) or add malicious comments (annotations) to such resources.
This may cause potential loss of confidentiality of CloudStack environments and resources if the comments (annotations) contain any privileged information. However, guessing or brute-forcing resource UUIDs are generally hard to impossible and access to listing or adding comments isn't same as access to CloudStack resources, making this issue of very low severity and general low impact.
CloudStack admins may also disallow listAnnotations and addAnnotation API access to non-admin roles in their environment as an interim measure.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-22828 is exploitable with network access, and requires small amount of user privileges. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have a small impact on confidentiality, a small impact on integrity and availability.
Weakness Type
What is an Information Disclosure Vulnerability?
The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.
CVE-2025-22828 has been classified to as an Information Disclosure vulnerability or weakness.
Products Associated with CVE-2025-22828
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Affected Versions
Apache Software Foundation Apache CloudStack:- Version 4.16.0, <= * is affected.
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.