Jetty HTTP/2 Server OOM via SETTINGS_MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE (12.0.0-12.0.16)
CVE-2025-1948 Published on May 8, 2025
Eclipse Jetty HTTP clients can increase memory allocation
In Eclipse Jetty versions 12.0.0 to 12.0.16 included, an HTTP/2 client can specify a very large value for the HTTP/2 settings parameter SETTINGS_MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE.
The Jetty HTTP/2 server does not perform validation on this setting, and tries to allocate a ByteBuffer of the specified capacity to encode HTTP responses, likely resulting in OutOfMemoryError being thrown, or even the JVM process exiting.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-1948 is exploitable with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have no impact on confidentiality and integrity, and a high impact on availability.
Weakness Type
What is a Resource Exhaustion Vulnerability?
The software does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource, thereby enabling an actor to influence the amount of resources consumed, eventually leading to the exhaustion of available resources.
CVE-2025-1948 has been classified to as a Resource Exhaustion vulnerability or weakness.
Products Associated with CVE-2025-1948
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Affected Versions
Eclipse Foundation Jetty:- Version 12.0.0, <= 12.0.16 is affected.
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.