Rubygem MQTT Hostname Validation Missing Allows MITM
CVE-2025-12790 Published on November 6, 2025
Rubygem-mqtt: rubygem-mqtt hostname validation
A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-12790 is exploitable with network access, and does not require authorization privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is consided to have a high level of attack complexity. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have a high impact on confidentiality and integrity, and no impact on availability.
Timeline
Reported to Red Hat.
Made public.
Weakness Type
Path Traversal: '\..\filename'
The software uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize '\..\filename' (leading backslash dot dot) sequences that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.
Products Associated with CVE-2025-12790
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Affected Versions
Nicholas J Humfrey ruby-mqtt:- Before 0.7.0 is affected.
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.