Arbitrary Script Execution via Content Field in XWiki <=14.10.5
CVE-2023-40177 Published on August 23, 2023
XWiki Platform privilege escalation (PR) from account through AWM content fields
XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. Any registered user can use the content field of their user profile page to execute arbitrary scripts with programming rights, thus effectively performing rights escalation. This issue is present since version 4.3M2 when AppWithinMinutes Application added support for the Content field, allowing any wiki page (including the user profile page) to use its content as an AWM Content field, which has a custom displayer that executes the content with the rights of the ``AppWithinMinutes.Content`` author, rather than the rights of the content author. The vulnerability has been fixed in XWiki 14.10.5 and 15.1RC1. The fix is in the content of the AppWithinMinutes.Content page that defines the custom displayer. By using the ``display`` script service to render the content we make sure that the proper author is used for access rights checks.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2023-40177 can be exploited with network access, and requires small amount of user privileges. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. Public availability of a proof of concept (POC) exploit exists for CVE-2023-40177. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to have a high impact on confidentiality and integrity, and a small impact on availability.
Weakness Type
What is an Eval Injection Vulnerability?
The software receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval"). This may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code, or at least modify what code can be executed.
CVE-2023-40177 has been classified to as an Eval Injection vulnerability or weakness.
Products Associated with CVE-2023-40177
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Affected Versions
xwiki-platform Version >= 4.3-milestone-2, < 14.10.5 is affected by CVE-2023-40177Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.