XWiki 14.x RCE via SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet Improper Escaping
CVE-2023-37462 Published on July 14, 2023
Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') in org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui
XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. Improper escaping in the document `SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet` leads to an injection vector from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The attack works by opening a non-existing page with a name crafted to contain a dangerous payload. It is possible to check if an existing installation is vulnerable. See the linked GHSA for instructions on testing an installation. This issue has been patched in XWiki 14.4.8, 14.10.4 and 15.0-rc-1. Users are advised to upgrade. The fix commit `d9c88ddc` can also be applied manually to the impacted document `SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet` and users unable to upgrade are advised to manually patch their installations.
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2023-37462 is exploitable with network access, and requires small amount of user privileges. This vulnerability is considered to have a low attack complexity. Public availability of a proof of concept (POC) exploit exists for CVE-2023-37462. The potential impact of an exploit of this vulnerability is considered to be critical as this vulnerability has a high impact to the confidentiality, integrity and availability of this component.
Weakness Types
What is an Injection Vulnerability?
The software constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component. Software has certain assumptions about what constitutes data and control respectively. It is the lack of verification of these assumptions for user-controlled input that leads to injection problems. Injection problems encompass a wide variety of issues -- all mitigated in very different ways and usually attempted in order to alter the control flow of the process. For this reason, the most effective way to discuss these weaknesses is to note the distinct features which classify them as injection weaknesses. The most important issue to note is that all injection problems share one thing in common -- i.e., they allow for the injection of control plane data into the user-controlled data plane. This means that the execution of the process may be altered by sending code in through legitimate data channels, using no other mechanism. While buffer overflows, and many other flaws, involve the use of some further issue to gain execution, injection problems need only for the data to be parsed. The most classic instantiations of this category of weakness are SQL injection and format string vulnerabilities.
CVE-2023-37462 has been classified to as an Injection vulnerability or weakness.
What is an Eval Injection Vulnerability?
The software receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval"). This may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code, or at least modify what code can be executed.
CVE-2023-37462 has been classified to as an Eval Injection vulnerability or weakness.
Products Associated with CVE-2023-37462
Want to know whenever a new CVE is published for Xwiki? stack.watch will email you.
Affected Versions
xwiki-platform:- Version >= 7.0-rc-1, < 14.4.8 is affected.
- Version >= 14.5, < 14.10.4 is affected.
Vulnerable Packages
The following package name and versions may be associated with CVE-2023-37462
| Package Manager | Vulnerable Package | Versions | Fixed In |
|---|---|---|---|
| maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui | >= 7.0-rc-1, < 14.4.8 | 14.4.8 |
| maven | org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-ui | >= 14.5, < 14.10.4 | 14.10.4 |
Exploit Probability
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) scores estimate the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. The percentile shows you how this score compares to all other vulnerabilities.